Yeysk

Also spelled �Jejsk�, or �Eisk� city, Krasnodar kray (region), southwestern Russia. It was founded as a port in 1848 on the southern side of Taganrog Gulf of the Sea of Azov. Fishing and associated industries (fish canning) are important; other industries include agricultural processing. The city is a noted health resort, famed for its medicinal sulfur and mud baths. A college of agricultural technology

Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation

American electronics company that shares credit with Texas Instruments Incorporated for the invention of the integrated circuit. Founded in 1957 in Santa Clara, California, Fairchild was among the earliest firms to successfully manufacture transistors and integrated circuits. Headquarters now are in South Portland, Maine, while research and production facilities

Amalric Ii

Amalric had been constable of Palestine before he was summoned by the Franks in Cyprus to become king there after the death of his brother Guy of Lusignan. Amalric planned a close alliance with Henry of Champagne, the uncrowned ruler of Palestine, betrothing his three sons to Henry's

Contract, Civil law

On the Continent, the revived study of classical Roman law had an immense influence upon the developing law of contract. It stimulated the rediscovery or construction of a general law concerning the validity of agreements. The Roman law, however, as crystallized in Justinian's law books, tended to confirm the notion that something more than an informal expression

Asvalayana

Author of the Asvalayana-srauta-sutra, Vedic manual of sacrificial ceremonies composed for the use of the class of priests called hotar, or hotr, whose main function was to invoke the gods. Belonging to the �forest tradition� of hermits and wandering holy men rather than to that of the priesthood, Asvalayana is mentioned as a teacher as well as a sage in Vedic litanies and in the

Military Aircraft, The first operational craft

The existence of a Stealth program, designed to produce aircraft that were effectively immune to radar detection at normal combat ranges, was announced by the U.S. government in 1980. The first aircraft employing this technology, the single-seat Lockheed F-117A ground-attack fighter, became operational in 1983. The second was the Northrop B-2 strategic bomber, which first flew in

Italian Democratic Socialist Party

In early 1947, socialists who opposed the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) for its cooperation with the Italian Communist Party (PCI) seceded to form the Socialist Party of Italian Workers (Partito

Overtone

Harmonics

Qift

Also spelled �Kuft, �Greek �Coptos, or Koptos, � agricultural town, Qina muhafazah (governorate), Upper Egypt. It is situated at the large bend of the Nile below Luxor (al-Uqsur) and lies along the east bank of the river. Known to the ancient Egyptians as Qebtu, the town was of early dynastic foundation. It was important for nearby gold and quartzite mines in the Eastern Desert, worked during the 1st and 2nd dynasties, and as a starting

Alain De Lille

Alain studied and taught at Paris, lived for some time at Montpellier, and later joined the Cistercians in C�teaux. As a theologian, he shared in the mystic reaction of the second half of the 12th century against Scholastic

Hugh Capet

Hugh was the eldest son of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks. On his father's death in 956, Hugh Capet inherited vast estates in the regions of Paris and Orl�ans, extending in some places south of the

San Francisco Peaks

The San Francisco Peaks, known by various Indian language names, are sacred to

Waialeale, Mount

Peak, central Kauai Island, Hawaii, U.S. Waialeale (�Rippling Water�), with a height of 5,148 feet (1,569 m), is a dissected (eroded) dome that is part of a central mountain mass which includes Kawaikini (5,243 feet [1,598 m]), the island's highest peak, immediately south. Waialeale is located at the southeastern edge of an extinct caldera that is now a plateau called Alakai Swamp. Shrouded in clouds, Waialeale

Jing Hao

Jing spent much of his life in retirement as a farmer in the Taihang Mountains of Shanxi province. In his art, Jing followed the court painters of the Tang dynasty (618 - 907) in emphasizing the singular grandeur of the landscape. There are two paintings attributed to him: Mount

Orange

County, eastern Vermont, U.S., bounded to the east by New Hampshire; the Connecticut River constitutes the border. It consists of a piedmont region that includes Butterfield, Knox, and Braintree mountains. The county is drained by the Ompompanoosuc, White, Waits, and Wells rivers; Lakes Morey and Fairlee are among the larger lakes. Recreational areas include Allis and

Jacobs, Joseph

After attending primary school Sydney, Jacobs

Price, George

As a young man Price did odd jobs in printing offices and did freelance illustrations. During the 1920s he was active in advertising art. Much of the humour in his cartoons lay

Taft, Helen

After her husband's single term was completed in 1913, Helen wrote her autobiography, Recollections of Full Years (1914), becoming the first president's wife to see her memoirs published in her lifetime. The Tafts moved from Washington to New Haven, Connecticut, where William taught at Yale Law School until his appointment in 1921 as chief justice of the United States. Helen died in 1943 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery beside her husband, who had died in 1930. The Tafts were the first presidential couple to be interred there.

Aleutian Basin

Submarine depression forming the floor of the southwestern section of the Bering Sea in the Pacific Ocean. On the west it rises to meet Siberia and the Kamchatka Peninsula; on the northeast, the continental shelf of North America off southwestern Alaska; and on the south, the Aleutian Islands. The basin extends about 1,100 miles (1,800 km) north-south and 600 miles (1,000 km) east-west and is

Alamogordo

City, seat (1899) of Otero county, southern New Mexico, U.S. It lies at the western base of the Sacramento Mountains and east of the Tularosa Basin. Founded by John A. and Charles B. Eddy in 1898 and named for its large cottonwood trees (Spanish: alamo �cottonwood,� gordo �fat�), it became a division point on the Southern Pacific Railroad and developed as a lumber town and agricultural-market

Rawalpindi

Rawalpindi (�Village of Rawals�) occupies the site of an old village inhabited by the Rawals, a group of yogis (ascetics). Certain ruins on the site are identified with the ancient city Gajipur, or Gajnipur,

Hard Water

Water that contains salts of calcium and magnesium principally as bicarbonates, chlorides, and sulfates. Ferrous iron may also be present; oxidized to the ferric form, it appears as a reddish brown stain on washed fabrics and enameled surfaces. Water hardness that is caused by calcium bicarbonate is known as temporary, because boiling converts the bicarbonate

Factoring

In finance, the selling of accounts receivable on a contract basis by the business holding them - in order to obtain cash payment of the accounts before their actual due date - to an agency known as a factor. The factor then assumes full responsibility for credit analysis of new accounts, payments collection, and credit losses. Factoring differs from borrowing in that

Welded Tuff

Rock composed of compacted volcanic ejecta (see tuff).

Thomas, Edward

Thomas was educated at St. Paul's School and the University of Oxford and spent most of his life unhappily

Gad

After entering the Promised Land, each tribe was assigned a territory by Joshua, who replaced Moses as leader after the latter's death. The tribe

Canaanite Inscriptions

A group of 11 inscriptions recovered from bowls and other utensils found in several archaeological sites in Palestine dating from approximately the 16th to 13th century BC. Because they have not as yet been satisfactorily deciphered, it is unclear whether or not the writing system used in these inscriptions is related to the North Semitic alphabet, which has been positively

Clonmel

Irish �Cluain Meala� municipal borough and seat of Tipperary South Riding, Ireland. It lies on the River Suir. A noted sporting centre, it has fine scenery, with the Comeragh Mountains to the south and the Slievenamon peak to the northeast. Clonmel received its charter in the reign of Edward I (1239 - 1307). The novelist Laurence Sterne was born there in 1713. Industries include the making of pharmaceuticals

Pittsfield

City, Berkshire county, western Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on the headstreams of the Housatonic River, in the Berkshire Hills, 55 miles (88 km) northwest of Springfield. Settled in 1752 as the Pontoosuc Plantation, it was incorporated as a town (and made the county seat) in 1761 and named for the English prime minister William Pitt. It developed from a farming to an industrial community

Poznan Riots

After the death of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin (March 1953), the rigidly authoritarian Communist regime in Poland relaxed some of its policies. It abolished

Ghaffar Khan, (khan) Abdul

Ghaffar Khan met Gandhi and entered politics in 1919 during agitation over the Rowlatt Acts, which allowed the internment of political dissidents without